@article{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00086168,
 author = {Xiao, Zeyu and Wang, Duo and Wang, Chan and Chen, Zerong and Cuiqing Huang and Yang, Yuan and Lin, Xie and Zhang, Lulu and Lingling Xu and Zhang, Ming-Rong and Kuan, Hu and Li, Zhou and Liangping Luo and Lin, Xie and Zhang, Ming-Rong and Kuan, Hu},
 journal = {Materials Today Bio},
 month = {May},
 note = {Intratumoral immunotherapeutic hydrogel administration is emerging as an effective method for inducing a durable and robust antitumor immune response. However, scaffold hydrogels that can synergize with the loaded drugs, thus potentiating therapeutic efficacy, are limited. Here, we report a ternary hydrogel composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylenimine (PEI)‒a cationic polymer with potential immunoactivation effects, and magnesium ions‒a stimulator of the　adaptive immune response, which exhibits an intrinsic immunomodulation function of reversing the immunologically “cold” phenotype of a murine breast tumor to a “hot” phenotype by upregulating PD-L1 expression and promoting M1-like macrophage polarization. PEI hydrogel (PEIGel) encapsulating an immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) inhibitor‒anti-PD-L1 antibody (α-PDL1) exhibits synergistic effects resulting in elimination of primary tumors and remote 
metastases and prevention of tumor relapse after surgical resection. A preliminary mechanistic study revealed a probably hidden role of PEI in modulating the polyamine metabolism/catabolism of tumors to potentiate the immune adjuvant effect. These results deepen our understanding of the innate immune activation function of PEI and pave the way for harnessing PEI as an immune adjuvant for ICB therapy.},
 title = {PEIGel: A biocompatible and injectable scaffold with innate immune adjuvanticity for synergized local immunotherapy},
 volume = {15},
 year = {2022}
}