@article{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00084651,
 author = {Yuhei, Takado and Hiroyuki, Takuwa and Sampei, Kazuaki and Takuya, Urushihata and Takahashi, Manami and Masafumi, Shimojo and Shoko, Uchida and Nobuhiro, Nitta and Sayaka, Shibata and Keisuke, Nagashima and Yoshihiro, Ochi and Maiko, Ono and Jun, Maeda and Yutaka, Tomita and Naruhiko, Sahara and Near, Jamie and Ichio, Aoki and Kazuhisa, Shibata and Makoto, Higuchi and Yuhei, Takado and Hiroyuki, Takuwa and Sampei, Kazuaki and Takuya, Urushihata and Takahashi, Manami and Masafumi, Shimojo and Shoko, Uchida and Nobuhiro, Nitta and Sayaka, Shibata and Keisuke, Nagashima and Yoshihiro, Ochi and Maiko, Ono and Jun, Maeda and Yutaka, Tomita and Naruhiko, Sahara and Ichio, Aoki and Kazuhisa, Shibata and Makoto, Higuchi},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {To assess if magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-measured Glutamate (Glu) and GABA reflect excitatory and inhibitory neural activities, respectively, we conducted MRS measurements along with two-photon mesoscopic imaging
of calcium signals in excitatory and inhibitory neurons of living, unanesthetized mice. For monitoring stimulus-driven activations of a brain region, MRS signals and mesoscopic neural activities were measured during two consecutive
sessions of 15-min prolonged sensory stimulations. In the first session, putative excitatory neuronal activities were increased, while inhibitory neuronal activities remained at the baseline level. In the second half, while excitatory neuronal activities remained elevated, inhibitory neuronal activities were significantly enhanced. We assessed regional
neurochemical statuses by measuring MRS signals, which were overall in accordance with the neural activities, and neuronal activities and neurochemical statuses in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome under resting condition.
Mesoscopic assessments showed that activities of inhibitory neurons in the cortex were diminished relative to wildtype mice in contrast to spared activities of excitatory neurons. Consistent with these observations, the Dravet model
exhibited lower concentrations of GABA than wild-type controls. Collectively, the current investigations demonstrate that MRS-measured Glu and GABA can reflect spontaneous and stimulated activities of neurons producing and releasing
these neurotransmitters in an awake condition.},
 pages = {197--212},
 title = {MRS-measured glutamate versus GABA reflects excitatory versus inhibitory neural activities in awake mice},
 volume = {42},
 year = {2021}
}