@article{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00081601,
 author = {Inoue, Kazumasa and Fukushi, Masahiro and Furukawa, Akira and Kumar Sahoo, Sarata and Nimelan, Veerasamy and Kurokawa, Makoto and Kondo, Hinako and Shimizu, Hideo and Tsuruoka, Hiroshi and Mitsumoto, Takuya and Koyama, Kazuya and Hosokawa, Shota and Sahoo, Sarata and Nimelan, Veerasamy},
 journal = {Japanese Journal of Education for Radiological Technology},
 month = {Dec},
 note = {The Gd-based contrast agents utilized in MRI are removed renally without metabolization in the human body, and they enter the aquatic ecosystem without undergoing degradation processes when released in effluent of waste water treatment plants. In recent years, medical uses of Gd-based contrast agents have increased, and the amounts of anthropogenic Gd that have been released into the environment are increasing. In this study, the Gd anomalies in Hokkaido river waters were determined and comparisons were made to previously reported values. The range of anthropogenic Gd was 2.08 – 101.16 ppt with an average value of 20.56 ppt (n = 6), and the measurement revealed significant increases in the Gd anomalies with a maximum increase of 8.3 times larger compared to data obtained in 1995. These findings indicate there is a need to consider as
effective removal method to protect the aquatic ecosystem.},
 pages = {9--14},
 title = {Detection of anthropogenic gadolinium in river waters in Hokkaido, Japan},
 volume = {8},
 year = {2020}
}