@article{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00077573,
 author = {Piron, C. and Garcia, J. and Agostini, M. and Fontana, M. and Giruzzi, G. and Gobbin, M. and Goodman, T.P. and Karpushov, A.N. and Kong, M. and Merle, A. and J. Morales and Nowak, S. and Pigatto, L. and Sauter, O. and Testa, D. and Vallar, M. and Yoshida, Maiko and TCV Team and The EUROfusion MST1 Team, The and Maiko, Yoshida},
 issue = {11},
 journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {The fully non-inductive sustainment of high normalized beta plasmas (βN) is a crucial challenge for the steady-state operation of a tokamak reactor. In order to assess the difficulties facing such scenarios, steady-state regimes have been explored on the tokamak à configuration variable (TCV) using the newly available 1 MW neutral beam injection (NBI) system. The operating space is extended towards plasmas that are closer to those expected in JT-60SA and ITER, i.e. with significant NBI and electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive (ECRH/CD), bootstrap current and fast ion (FI) fraction. βN values up to 1.4 and 1.7 are obtained in lower single null L-mode (H98(y, 2) ∼ 0.8) and H-mode (H98(y, 2) ∼ 1) plasmas, respectively, at zero time averaged loop voltage and q95 ∼ 6. Fully non-inductive operation is not achieved with NBI alone, whose injection can even increase the loop voltage in the presence of EC waves. A strong contribution to the total plasma pressure of thermal and FIs from NBI is experimentally evidenced and confirmed by interpretative ASTRA and NUBEAM modeling, which further predicts that FI charge-exchange reactions are the main loss channel for NBH/CD efficiency. Internal transport barriers, which are expected to maximize the bootstrap current fraction, are not formed in either the electron or the ion channel in the plasmas explored to date, despite a significant increase in the toroidal rotation and FI fraction with NBI, which are known to reduce turbulence. First results on scenario development of high-βN fully non-inductive H-mode plasmas are also presented.},
 title = {Extension of the operating space of high-b N fully non-inductive scenarios on TCV using neutral beam injection},
 volume = {59},
 year = {2019}
}