@misc{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00071580,
 author = {Takahata, Keisuke and et.al and 高畑 圭輔},
 month = {Jul},
 note = {The belief that actions and external events are under control of conscious will is pervasive, and it is rarely doubted. This belief is built on a feeling that ones intentional actions caused specific events in the outside world (sense of agency). However, people often make misjudgment on causality depending on rewarding or punishing outcomes of action. One wellknown phenomenon is selfserving bias; when ones voluntary action caused negative outcome, subject tend to build a post-hoc account that negative outcome was caused by external factors. In contrast, patients with depression show opposite causality bias: they tend to attribute cause of negative event more to themselves than external factors. Although these self-serving and selfblaming biases imply that rewarding and punishing outcome of action exercise different effects on agency depending on subjects internal affective states, empirical evidence to this issue is lacking. In the present study, using a variant of actioneffect binding(intentional binding)paradigm combined with classical conditioning procedures, we investigated postdictive influence of affective valence of action on agency in healthy young subjects and depressive patients. We found that non-depressive and depressive subjects showed different pattern of modulation of action-effect binding by action outcomes. In healthy subjects, consistent with selfserving bias, actioneffect binding was attenuated when their action produced negative events. In contrast, depressive patients showed same degree of actioneffect binding irrespective of valence of action outcome, possibly reflecting depressive realism. Our study provides a new insight for cognitive mechanism underlying human causality bias and psychopathology of depression., 17th Meeting of the association for the scientific study of consciousness},
 title = {Affective Modulation of Agency and its role in self-serving bias and self-blaming bias: A preliminary result},
 year = {2013}
}