@misc{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00071000,
 author = {Koto, Masashi and Hasegawa, Azusa and Takagi, Ryo and Sasahara, Go and Ikawa, Hiroaki and Kamada, Tadashi and Iwadate, Yasuo and Matsutani, Masao and 小藤 昌志 and 長谷川 安都佐 and 高木 亮 and 佐々原 剛 and 伊川 裕明 and 鎌田 正 and 岩立 康男 and 松谷 雅生},
 month = {Nov},
 note = {High linear energy transfer charged particles such as carbon ions have excellent dose localizing properties, and this can cause excellent local control while minimizing the effect on normal tissues. Between April 1997 and January 2012, 50 patients with skull base and paracervical chordomas were treated with carbon ion radiotherapy at National Institute of Radiological Sciences in Japan. In this study, we investigated the toxicity and efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy for skull base and paracervical chordomas. The 50 patients consisted of 23 males and 27 females. Their ages ranged from 16 to 76 years, with a median of 55 years. Thirty-four tumors located in the skull base region and 16 in the paracervical region. The planning target volume ranged from 11 to 481 ml, with a median of 84 ml. The patients were treated with a median dose of 60.8 GyE (range; 48-60.8 GyE) in 16 fractions over 4 weeks. Acute toxicity was assessed based on the RTOG score, and late toxicity was determined based on the RTOG/ EORTC score. Local control was defined as showing no evidence of tumor regrowth in the irradiated volume. The follow-up periods ranged from 4 to 163 months, with a median of 54 months. There was no evidence of any serious acute reactions (Grade ≥4). Regarding late reactions, two patients decreased visual acuity and 2 developed mucosal ulcerations in the irradiated volume. The 5-year local and loco-regional control rates were 88.6% and 78.7%, respectively. The 5-year overall survival and progression free survival rates were 88.2% and 68.7%, respectively. The 5-year local control and overall survival rates for 40 patients treated with a dose of 60.8 GyE were 92.7% and 88.4%, respectively. Carbon ion radiotherapy with a dose of 60.8 GyE in 16 fractions was safe and effective for skull base and paracervical chordomas., 17th Annual Scientific Meeting and Education Day of the Society for Neuro-Oncology},
 title = {Carbon ion radiotherapy for skull base and paracervical chordomas},
 year = {2012}
}