@misc{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00069494,
 author = {Baba, Masayuki and 馬場 雅行},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {We have previously reported successful local control and minimal adverse reactions after carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) using 4 or 9 fractionated irradiation in stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [1-3].
Title: A preliminary report of single fraction carbon-ion radiotherapy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer
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\nAuthors: Masayuki Baba, Toshio Sugane, Mio Nakajima, Naoyoshi Yamamoto, Tadaaki Miyamoto, Susumu Kandatsu, Naruhiro Matsufuji, Shinichi Minohara, Tadashi Kamada, Junetsu Mizoe, Hirohiko Tsujii, and the Working Group for Lung Cancer
\n 
\nPurpose: We have previously reported successful local control and minimal adverse reactions after carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-Ion RT) using 4 or 9 fractionated irradiation in stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this paper we describe preliminary the local control and the adverse reactions after single fraction C-Ion RT for stage I NSCLC.
\nMaterials and methods: >From April 2003 to August 2007, a total of 72 patients with stage I NSCLC were treated in dose escalation study using single fraction C-ion RT at Research Center Hospital for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences. Those patients who had a follow-up time of 6 months or more were analyzed. The total dose in a single fraction irradiation was started at 36.0GyE and escalated by 5% increment: 36.0GyE (n=18), 38.0GyE (n=14), 40.0GyE (n=15), 42.0GyE (n=15), 44.0GyE (n=10). An average age was 75 years, and gender breakdown was 23 females and 49 males. The tumors consisted of 47 for T1 and 25 for T2. The average tumor size was 27.7 mm in diameter. Histology was all determined by biopsy: 45 adenocarcinomas, 26 squamous cell carcinomas, and one large cell carcinoma. The 65% of the patients had medically inoperable tumors. The targets were most commonly irradiated from four oblique directions using respiratory-gating. Toxicities of CIRT to the skin and lung were assessed according to NCI-CTC (early) and RTOG/EOTRC (late).
\nResults: All patients were followed up until death, with a median follow-up time of 16.1 months, ranging from 1.6 months to 21.6 months. The local control rate for the 72 primary lesions was 89.3%, and those for the T1 (n=47) and T2 (n=25) tumors were 94.6% and 78.7%. The 28-month overall survival rate was 85.4% and the cause-specific survival rate was 98.0%. Early skin reactions were assessed for 72 lesions and late skin reactions for 69 lesions. Of the early reactions, 69 were grade 1 and one was grade 2. Among the late reactions, 65 were grade 1, one was grade 2. Lung reactions were clinically assessed in the 72 patients. Forty-five had grade 0, and 27 had grade 1 in early reaction. Late reactions were scored in 69 patients, and there were 12 patients for grade 0 and 57 patients for grade 1.
\nConclusions: It is preliminary concluded that C-Ion RT using single fraction is promising curative modality for stage I NSCLC., ＥＳＴＲＯ27（European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology）},
 title = {A preliminary report of single fraction carbon-ion radiotherapy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer},
 year = {2008}
}