{"created":"2023-05-15T14:49:57.955483+00:00","id":68377,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"9adccf19-42a2-45dc-9bf8-63d822b9c6e9"},"_deposit":{"created_by":1,"id":"68377","owners":[1],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"68377"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00068377","sets":["10:28"]},"author_link":["671277","671279","671281","671280","671282","671278"],"item_10005_date_7":{"attribute_name":"発表年月日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_date_issued_datetime":"2005-04-07","subitem_date_issued_type":"Issued"}]},"item_10005_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"INTRODUCTION\nAntimony (Sb) is a natural occurring trace element in most soils, and is likely to be a pollutant in industrial environment. Important sources of Sb pollutions are emissions of smelters and vehicle emissions. Ainsworth and Cooke (1990) reported that Sb tended to concentrate in surface soils near a smelter. Toxicity of Sb to plants can be affected by its bioavailability in soil (Wolfram et al., 2000). However, there are not many reports on the sorption behaviour of Sb in soils. Soil-soil solution distribution coefficients (Kds) are often used to predict the mobility of an element in soil, which is defined as concentration of an element in or on the soil solid phase divided by concentration of the element in the soil solution. In this study, the Kd-Sb values were obtained for 110 Japanese agricultural soils by the batch technique using 124Sb as a tracer. In addition, the sorbed 124Sb was extracted from soils with NH4NO3 in order to evaluate its mobile and/or bioavailable fractions.\n\\nMETHODS\nFor the Kd determination, 110 agricultural soil samples (59 upland soils and 51 paddy soils) were used. The soils were collected throughout Japan. The measured characteristics of soil samples are shown in Table 1. Batch technique was employed to measure Kd: 3 g of each soil sample were placed in a 50-mL plastic bottle and 30 mL of deionized water were added. Prior to adding 124Sb, the suspension was shaken for 24 h at 23C using an end-over-end shaker. About 30 kBq of 124Sb with about 0.3 micro-g of stable Sb as a carrier were then added. The chemical form of Sb was SbCl3. After 7 d, the sample suspension was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm, and the supernatant was filtered though a 0.45-micro-m membrane filter. Gamma rays of 124Sb in the filtrate were measured with a NaI scintillation counter (Aloka, ARC-300) to determine its activity concentration.\nTo specify Sb forms, the selected 12 samples were used for further study. The Eh and pH was measured for the suspension. Each filtrate was passed through two ion exchange columns charged with cation exchange resin (Powdex, PCH) and anion exchange resin (Powdex, PAO), separately. By measuring the 124Sb in the drainages, the proportions of anion and cation fractions of 124Sb in the soil solution were determined. After the Kd measurement by a batch technique, the 124Sb sorbed onto the 12 soil samples was extracted with the 1 M NH4NO3 by the method reported by Wolfram et al. (2000) to determine the mobile and/or bioavailable Sb fractions of soil- sorbed Sb.\n\\nRESULTS AND DISCUSSION\n\\nChemical form of Sb in batch process\nThe pH values of soil solutions ranged from 5 to 7 and did not change with time, while Eh values increased from 320 to 460 mV during the shaking period. Though the added Sb form was SbCl3, Sb would be in SbO3- or SbO2- forms under such pH-Eh range (Pourbaix, 1974). The anion exchange resin recovered about 96-100% of 124Sb in the soil solutions. These results suggested that the predominant chemical forms of Sb in the soil solution were anionic forms.\n\\nThe range of Kd-Sb in Japanese agricultural soils\nThe Kd-Sb values determined for 110 Japanese agricultural soils ranged from 1 to 612 L kg-1 except for a value 2045 L kg-1. The geometric mean value was 62 L kg-1 (77% of the Sb was sorbed). No significant difference between upland and paddy soils in soil Kd-Sb was found, and no significant relationships were observed between Kd-Sb values and the measured soil characteristics in this study. The Kd values for the Japanese soils were within the Kd ranges expected for soils in temperate environments, 4.5-540 L kg-1, (IAEA, 1994). The values were found to be 10-100 times higher than those for other anions such as I, and the Kd levels of Sb in Japanese soils were at the same levels such as the Kds of Sr (IAEA, 1994). Thus it was suggested that the Sb mobility in Japanese soils was the same level for some exchangeable cations, and it was relatively lower than for other anions. \n\\nThe mobile fraction of soil-sorbed Sb\nAs a result of the extraction of Sb from the soil with NH4NO3 for 12 samples, no extracted Sb was observed (<0.3%). Thus the soil-sorbed Sb was not in the mobile fractions, and its bioavailability should be very low. This result agreed well with the Sb accumulation in the surface soils as reported by Ainsworth and Cooke (1990). However, soil components relative to Sb sorption have not been clarified yet. Further studies are needed to understand the sorption mechanisms of Sb onto soil.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10005_description_6":{"attribute_name":"会議概要（会議名, 開催地, 会期, 主催者等）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"8th International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_access_right":{"attribute_name":"アクセス権","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_access_right":"metadata only access","subitem_access_right_uri":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Nakamaru, Yasuo"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"671277","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Tagami, Keiko"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"671278","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Uchida, Shigeo"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"671279","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"中丸 康夫","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"671280","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"田上 恵子","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"671281","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"内田 滋夫","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"671282","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"conference object","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_c94f"}]},"item_title":"Sorption behaviour of antimony in Japanese agricultural soils","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Sorption behaviour of antimony in Japanese agricultural soils"}]},"item_type_id":"10005","owner":"1","path":["28"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2006-06-05"},"publish_date":"2006-06-05","publish_status":"0","recid":"68377","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Sorption behaviour of antimony in Japanese agricultural soils"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-05-15T20:26:49.574832+00:00"}