@misc{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00066022, author = {Matsufuji, Naruhiro and 松藤 成弘}, month = {Nov}, note = {Elevating energy loss toward range end associated with increasing biological effectiveness renders heavier ions such as carbon ions attractive for treating deep-seated tumours. In the treatment planning of Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT), it is indispensable to handle the change in the biological effectiveness appropriately. At National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), a pragmatic biological model, based on Human Salivary Gland cell response coupled with clinical experience from fast neutron radiotherapy, was developed and utilized. The clinical outcome was in good agreement with the model expectation. The model has been upgraded recently to cope with the scanning irradiation. The new model offers versatile estimation of the biological effectiveness of various radiations based on their microdosimetric information while harmonizing with the original approach with rigid consideration on the biological effectiveness. In this paper, we aim to review the progress of our biological model for CIRT., 24th Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry (CAARI2016)}, title = {Biological Modelling for Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy at NIRS}, year = {2016} }