@misc{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00062970,
 author = {Konishi, Teruaki and Yasuda, Nakahiro and Iso, Hiroyuki and Ishikawa, Takahiro and Oikawa, Masakazu and Kodama, Kumiko and Higuchi, Yuichi and Kitamura, Hisashi and Imaseki, Hitoshi and 小西 輝昭 and 安田 仲宏 and 磯 浩之 and 石川 剛弘 and 及川 将一 and 児玉 久美子 and 樋口 有一 and 北村 尚 and 今関 等},
 month = {Feb},
 note = {Single-cell microbeam irradiation systems have recently become an important tool for radiation biology. The major characteristics of microbeam irradiation systems are a very narrow beam of radiation, micrometer size or smaller, corresponding to cellular or sub-cellular dimensions. In addition, microbeam irradiation of exactly one to any preset number of particles per cell allows study of radiation risks from very low doses to be addressed. Moreover, microbeam techniques can be used to address such questions as the effects of irradiation on unirradiated neighboring cells, such as the bystander effects, and the relative sensitivities of different parts of the cell.
The development of SPICE (Single Particle Irradiation system to Cell), a microbeam irradiation system, has been completed at the Electrostatic facility, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS). The beam size has been improved to approximately 2 um in diameter, and the cell targeting system can irradiate up to 400 cells per minute. Cell dishes have been specially designed, which cells are cultured on a Mylar film. Cell dish are placed on a voice coil stage equipped on the cell targeting system, which includes a fluorescent microscope and a CCD camera for capturing cell images. This microscope system captures images of dyed cell nuclei, computes the location coordinates of individual cells, and synchronizes this with the voice coil motor stage and single-particle irradiation system consisting of a scintillation counter and beam deflector. Irradiation of selected cells with a programmable number of protons is now automatable. We employed the simultaneous detection method for visualizing the position of mammalian cells and proton traversal through CR-39 to determine whether the targeted cells are actually irradiated. An immuno-assay was also performed against gamma-H2AX, to confirm the induction of DNA double-strand breaks in the target cells., NIRS International Open Laboratory Workshop on Challenges in the New Frontier in Space Travel: Physics and Biology of Radiation Risk},
 title = {Development of single particle irradiation system to cell, SPICE},
 year = {2009}
}