@article{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00048579,
 author = {Nakajima, Mio and Yamamoto, Naoyoshi and Hayashi, Kazuhiko and Karube, Masataka and Ebner, Daniel and Takahashi, Wataru and Anzai, Makoto and Tsushima, Kenji and Tada, Yuji and Tatsumi, Koichiro and Miyamoto, Tadaaki and Tsuji, Hiroshi and Fujisawa, Takehiko and Kamada, Tadashi and 中嶋 美緒 and 山本 直敬 and 林 和彦 and 軽部 雅崇 and エブナー ダニエル and 高橋 渉 and 安西 誠 and 多田 裕司 and 巽 浩一郎 and 宮本 忠昭 and 辻 比呂志 and 藤澤 武彦 and 鎌田 正},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {Radiation Oncology},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {Background
\nLung cancer is frequently complicated by interstitial lung disease (ILD). Treatment protocols for lung cancer patients with ILD have not been established; surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy can all cause acute exacerbation of ILD. This study evaluated the toxicity and efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and ILD.
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Methods
\nBetween June 2004 and November 2014, 29 patients diagnosed with NSCLC and ILD were treated with CIRT. No patient was eligible for curative surgery or conventional radiotherapy secondary to ILD. Owing to prior symptomology, radiation pneumonitis (RP) and symptom progression pre- and post-treatment were evaluated. The relationships between RP and clinical factors were investigated.
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Results
\nTwenty-eight men and one woman, aged 62 to 90 years old, were followed for 2.7–77.1 months (median: 22.8 months). Single-grade symptomatic progression (grade 2–3) was observed in 4 patients, while 1 patient experiencedtwo-grade progression. Two patients experienced radiation-induced acute exacerbation. Local control at 3 years was 63.3% (72.2% for stage I disease); survival at 3 years was 46.3% (57.2% for stage I disease). Eighteen patients had died by the time of this writing, 10 of lung cancer progression. Radiation pneumonitis post-treatment progression correlated with dosimetric factors of the lungs (V5, V10) and a low pre-treatment serum surfactant protein-D.
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Conclusions
\nWe found that CIRT may be useful as a low-risk, curative option for NSCLC patients with ILD, a population that is typically ineligible for conventional therapy. The DVH analysis showed that minimizing the low-dose region is important for reducing the risk of severe RP.},
 pages = {144-1--144-9},
 title = {Carbon-ion radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer with interstitial lung disease: a retrospective analysis},
 volume = {12},
 year = {2017}
}