@article{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00048411,
 author = {吉村, 公男 and ザオ, ユエ and 長谷川, 伸 and 廣木, 章博 and Kishiyama, Yoshihiro and Shishitani, Hideyuki and Yamaguchi, Susumu and Tanaka, Hirohisa and Koizumi, Satoshi and Appavou, Marie-Sousai and Radulescu, Aurel and Richter, Dieter and 前川, 康成 and 吉村 公男 and ザオ ユエ and 長谷川 伸 and 廣木 章博 and 前川 康成},
 issue = {45},
 journal = {Soft Matter},
 month = {Dec},
 note = {In our previous study (Soft Matter 2016, 12, 1567), the relationship between the morphology and properties of graft-type imidazolium-based anion exchange membranes (AEMs) was revealed, in that the semi-crystalline features of the polymer matrix maintain its mechanical properties and the formation of interconnected hydrophilic domains promotes the membrane conductivity. Here, we report the novel ionic structure of the same graft-type AEMs with different grafting degrees, analyzed using a small-angle X-ray scattering method under different relative humidity (RH) conditions. The characteristic “ionomer peak” with a corresponding correlation distance of approximately 1.0 nm was observed at RH < 80%. This distance is much smaller than the literature-reported mean distance between two ionic clusters, but close to the Bjerrum length of water. Since the representative number of water molecules per cation, nw, was small, we proposed that dissociated ion-pairs are distributed in the hydrophilic domains (ion-channels). At RH < 80%, ion-channels are disconnected, however in liquid water, they are well-connected as evidenced by the sharp increase in nw. The disconnected ion-channels even under relatively high RH conditions should be a substantial factor for the low power generation efficiency of AEM-type fuel cells.},
 pages = {8463--8473},
 title = {Imidazolium-Based Anion Exchange Membranes for Alkaline Anion Fuel Cells: (2) Elucidation of the Ionic Structure and its Impact on Conducting Properties},
 volume = {13},
 year = {2017}
}