@article{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00047575,
 author = {Kanematsu, Nobuyuki and Yonai, Shunsuke and Ishizaki, Azusa and Torikoshi, Masami and 兼松 伸幸 and 米内 俊祐 and 石崎 梓 and 取越 正己},
 issue = {12},
 journal = {Physics in Medicine and Biology},
 month = {May},
 note = {A model for beam customization with collimators and a range-compensating filter based on the phase-space theory for beam transport is presented for dose distribution calculation in treatment planning of radiotherapy with protons and heavier ions. Independent handling of pencil beams in conventional pencil-beam algorithms causes unphysical collimator-height dependence in the middle of large fields, which is resolved by the framework comprised of generation, transport, collimation, regeneration, range-compensation, and edge-sharpening processes with a matrix of pencil beams. The model was verified to be consistent with measurement and analytic estimation at a submillimeter level in penumbra of individual collimators with a combinational-collimated carbon-ion beam. The model computation is fast, accurate, and readily applicable to pencil-beam algorithms in treatment planning with capability of combinational collimation to make best use of the beam-customization devices.},
 pages = {3113--3127},
 title = {Computational modeling of beam-customization devices for heavy-charged-particle radiotherapy},
 volume = {53},
 year = {2008}
}