@article{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00046531,
 author = {Leuze, Christoph and Kimura, Yuichi and Kershaw, Jeffrey and Shibata, Sayaka and Saga, Tsuneo and Aoki, Ichio and et.al and ロイツェ クリストフ and 木村 裕一 and Ｋｅｒｓｈａｗ Ｊｅｆｆｒｅｙ and 柴田 さやか and 佐賀 恒夫 and 青木 伊知男},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {NeuroImage},
 month = {Dec},
 note = {The ability of manganese ions (Mn2+) to enter cells through calcium ion (Ca2+) channels has been used for
depolarization dependent brain functional imaging with manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI). The purpose of
this study was to quantify changes to Mn2+ uptake in rat brain using a dynamic manganese-enhanced MRI
(dMEMRI) scanning protocol with the Patlak and Logan graphical analysis methods. The graphical analysis
was based on a three-compartment model describing the tissue and plasma concentration of Mn. Mn2+
uptake was characterized by the total distribution volume of manganese (Mn) inside tissue (VT) and the
unidirectional influx constant of Mn2+ from plasma to tissue (Ki). The measurements were performed on
the anterior (APit) and posterior (PPit) parts of the pituitary gland, a region with an incomplete blood
brain barrier. Modulation of Ca2+ channel activity was performed by administration of the stimulant glutamate
and the inhibitor verapamil. It was found that the APit and PPit showed different Mn2+ uptake characteristics.
While the influx of Mn2+ into the PPit was reversible, Mn2+ was found to be irreversibly trapped in
the APit during the course of the experiment. In the PPit, an increase of Mn2+ uptake led to an increase in
VT (from 2.8+-0.3 ml/cm3 to 4.6+-1.2 ml/cm3) while a decrease of Mn2+ uptake corresponded to a decrease
in VT (from 2.8+-0.3 ml/cm3 to 1.4+-0.3 ml/cm3). In the APit, an increase of Mn2+ uptake led to an increase
in Ki (from 0.034+-0.009 min−1 to 0.049+-0.012 min−1) while a decrease of Mn2+ uptake corresponded to a
decrease in Ki (from 0.034+-0.009 min−1 to 0.019+-0.003 min−1). This work demonstrates that graphical
analysis applied to dMEMRI data can quantitatively measure changes to Mn2+ uptake following modulation
of neural activity.},
 pages = {392--399},
 title = {Quantitative measurement of changes in calcium channel activity in vivo utilizing dynamic manganese-enhanced MRI (dMEMRI)},
 volume = {60},
 year = {2011}
}