@article{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00046484,
 author = {Yazaki, Yujiro and Inadama, Naoko and Nishikido, Fumihiko and Mitsuhashi, Takayuki and Suga, Mikio and Shibuya, Kengo and Watanabe, Mitsuo and Yamashita, Takaji and Yoshida, Eiji and Murayama, Hideo and Yamaya, Taiga and 矢崎 祐次郎 and 稲玉 直子 and 錦戸 文彦 and 三橋 隆之 and 菅 幹生 and 澁谷 憲悟 and 吉田 英治 and 村山 秀雄 and 山谷 泰賀},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science},
 month = {Apr},
 note = {We have developed a new three-dimensional (3D) position sensitive radiation detector, called the X'tal cube. The X'tal cube is composed of a scintillation crystal block and a number of multi-pixel photon counters (MPPCs) which are coupled on all six sides of the block. The block is segmented into cubes and no reflector is used between the segments. Scintillation light originating in a crystal segment accordingly propagates three-dimensionally along the alignment of the crystal segments and is efficiently detected by the MPPCs. The X'tal cube could be used as the detector element of a PET system, for instance. We constructed two prototypes of the X'tal cube and evaluated their performance using gamma-ray sources. The crystal block of each prototype is composed of a 3D array of Lu2xGd2(1-x)SiO5: Ce (LGSO, x = 0.9) crystal segments. Each crystal volume is 3.0 mm x 3.0 mm x 3.0 mm. MPPCs of a 3.0 mm x 3.0 mm active area are coupled to each surface of the crystal block. In this work, we show that all crystal segments are identified by a simple Anger-type calculation performed on the MPPC signals for both prototypes. The X'tal cube provides high spatial resolution in three dimensions regardless of the incident angle of the radiation.},
 pages = {462--468},
 title = {Development of the X'tal cube: a 3D position-sensitive radiation detector with all-surface MPPC readout},
 volume = {59},
 year = {2012}
}