@article{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00046377,
 author = {Shimazaki, Jun and Tsuji, Hiroshi and Ishikawa, Hitoshi and Kamada, Tadashi and Harada, Masaoki and Akakura, Kouichirou and Suzuki, Hiroyosi and Tomohiko, Ichikawa and Tsujii, Hirohiko and 島崎 淳 and 辻 比呂志 and 石川 仁 and 鎌田 正 and 原田 昌興 and 赤倉 功一郎 and 鈴木 啓悦 and 市川 智彦 and 辻井 博彦},
 issue = {8},
 journal = {Anticancer Research},
 month = {Aug},
 note = {Abstract
Background/Aim: Biochemical failure after radiotherapy for prostate cancer occurs infrequently, but some cases progress to a poor outcome. The aim of this study was to examine prognosis after biochemical failure.
\nPATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 728 patients were treated with carbon ion radiotherapy, and biochemical failure occurred in 90 (12.4%). Their outcomes were examined according to risk factors, histological findings, and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).
\nRESULTS: Biochemical failure rates were 12%, 6%, and 15% in low-, intermediate- and high-risk patients. Most patients responded favorably to salvage therapy. Some high-risk patients (25%) progressed to poor outcome; half experienced failure after ADT, while the rest during ADT, indicating that ADT had a slight influence. Patients who died from their disease had approximately two years of biochemical failure-free time and three years of survival after failure. Their tumor showed the presence and the increased proportion of histologically high-grade growth patterns.
\nCONCLUSION: Histological growth patterns and short biochemical failure-free time are prognostic factors for poor outcome regardless of ADT.},
 pages = {3267--3273},
 title = {Biochemical failure after carbon ion radiotherapy for prostate cancer},
 volume = {32},
 year = {2012}
}