@article{oai:repo.qst.go.jp:00043998,
 author = {Hasegawa, Azusa and Mizoe, Junetsu and Mizota, Atsushi and Tsujii, Hirohiko and 長谷川 安都佐 and 溝江 純悦 and 溝田 淳 and 辻井 博彦},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics},
 month = {Feb},
 note = {The Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) has been operting since 1993 at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences as the first clinical heavy in the world (1). From June 1994 to February 2005, 2,192 patients with various types of tumors were enrolled into clinical trials using carbon ion beams generated by the HIMAC. Tsujii et al. (2,3) reported the preliminary results of carbon ion radiotherapy, including radiation-induced morbidity, local control, and survial rates for patients treated for tumors in multiple sites. Because of its increased biologic potential for the destruction of radioresistant tumors and its improved dose localization properties, carbon ion radiotheapy has also been applied to the treatment of head-and-neck tumors.
 In radiotherapy of head-and -neck tumors, the preservation of visual acuity is of paramount for both patient and treating physician. Several studies have analyzed the tolerance dose of the optic nerve (ON) and chiasm to photon or proton bea radiotherapy (4-7). Although carbon ions have a superior dose distribution as compared with potons, in particular, it is difficult to protect the adjacent tissues when the tumors are located close to or involved in critical organs. In this article, we have evaluated the dose-complication probability for the impairment or retention of visual in carbon ion radiotherapy, using dose-volume histograms (DVHs).},
 pages = {396--401},
 title = {Outcomes of visual acuity in carbon ion radiotherapy:analysis of dose-volume histograms and prognostic factors},
 volume = {64},
 year = {2006}
}