量研学術機関リポジトリ「QST-Repository」は、国立研究開発法人 量子科学技術研究開発機構に所属する職員等が生み出した学術成果（学会誌発表論文、学会発表、研究開発報告書、特許等）を集積しインターネット上で広く公開するサービスです。 Welcome to QST-Repository where we accumulates and discloses the academic research results(Journal Publications, Conference presentation, Research and Development Report, Patent, etc.) of the members of National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology.
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Glutamatergic neurotransmission in the brain is coupled with cerebral and possibly with systemic glucose metabolism, which could be affected by food intake. The current study aimed to investigate effects of food intake on metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) binding and glutamate levels in the brains of living subjects.
Eleven healthy males underwent two clinical PET scans 3 hours apart using (E)-[11C]ABP688, a radioligand for mGluR5. Imaging sessions were performed with (n=5) or without (n=6) food intake between the two scans. Two MRS scans were also conducted, one before the first and the other after the second PET scan. Arterial blood was sampled during the PET scans to estimate mGluR5 binding as total distribution volume (VT). Glutamate concentrations in the right anterior and posterior insulae were measured using MRS data. To support the clinical PET findings, four awake rats underwent two PET scans on different days, one under control condition and the other under glucose-load (2g/kg p.o.) condition.
In assays of human subjects with food intake, VT increased in the whole brain by 29% on average (p = 0.01) and glutamate concentrations in the right posterior insula increased by 10% (p = 0.02) between the first and second scans. By contrast, VT decreased by 20% on average (p = 0.02) and glutamate concentrations decreased by 8% (p = 0.01) in the corresponding areas of subjects without food intake. Cerebral VT was significantly and positively correlated with the blood glucose level (Pearson’s r = 0.87, p = 0.001). In the rat experiment, intake of glucose alone was sufficient to increase mGluR5 binding by 18%.
These results indicate that plasma glucose levels are intimately involved in the dynamic activities of glutamate neurons represented by the mGluR5 status and glutamate metabolism in the brain, as cerebral glutamate neurotransmitter cycling is concurrent with aerobic glycolysis.
Alterations of central metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 binding and glutamate concentrations by food intake
