量研学術機関リポジトリ「QST-Repository」は、国立研究開発法人 量子科学技術研究開発機構に所属する職員等が生み出した学術成果（学会誌発表論文、学会発表、研究開発報告書、特許等）を集積しインターネット上で広く公開するサービスです。 Welcome to QST-Repository where we accumulates and discloses the academic research results(Journal Publications, Conference presentation, Research and Development Report, Patent, etc.) of the members of National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology.
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The decommissioning work of nuclear reactors following the nuclear accident in 2011, Japan has raised public awareness of the dangers posed by internal exposure to the related radionuclides. Uranium is a major component of the nuclear fuel and has potential to cause nephrotoxicity. Dynamics of renal uranium distribution, however, have not been clearly understood. In the present study, the precise distribution of renal uranium was examined in Wistar male rats exposed to uranium by in situ determination of elements performed by μPIXE (particle induced X-ray emission) and SR-μXRF (X-ray fluorescence spectrometry using high energy synchrotron radiation). The chemical form of renal uranium was also examined by μXAFS.
A single injection of uranyl acetate to rats (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.) caused recoverable renal lesions in the proximal tubules. One day after administration, uranium was accumulated site-specifically into the proximal tubules with highly concentrated uranium in micro-regions near the nuclei (50-fold above mean uranium concentration). Two weeks later, damaged areas were filled with regenerating tubules with recovery morphology, but areas of high uranium concentration were still found in the regenerating tubules. Toxicological implication of the formation of concentrated uranium and the uranium chemical form in the renal tubules will be discussed.
Cellular localization and chemical condition of uranium in kidney of rats exposed to uranyl acetate by μPIXE, SR-μXRF, and μXAFS
